Residential EV Charger Installations on Long Island - 2023 NEC Article 625 checklist and selection guide

Author: Revco Editorial Team — Electrical Content Editor
Technical review: Pending — add approved name/credential
Updated: October 21, 2025

~7 min read • ~1,380 words • Flesch ~60

Contact: (631) 283-3600

TL;DR: Treat residential EVSE as a continuous load, use an individual branch circuit, and follow the listing. Size OCPD and conductors together from 240.4, 240.6, and 310.16. Apply 220.57 to keep many service upgrades off your job. Use GFCI when a receptacle supplies EV charging. Document with photos, torque notes, and the load calc to sail through Long Island inspections.

Why it matters

EV adoption on Long Island is accelerating. Clients expect quick installs, clean workmanship, and fast approvals. The 2023 NEC changed how we account for EV loads in dwellings and tight garages. Getting Article 625 right reduces call-backs, prevents nuisance tripping, and keeps inspectors happy from Montauk to Manhasset. This guide turns the code into a simple field checklist so you can choose the right equipment, size the circuit, and pass inspection the first time.

Local note. Always confirm with the Authority Having Jurisdiction in Nassau or Suffolk before you pull wire. Towns and villages can amend or lag the state adoption timeline. Treat manufacturer instructions as code per 110.3(B).

Need product support or stock on the way to the job? Browse Revco’s electric vehicle charging stations lineup and call (631) 283-3600.

Fundamentals

EVSE levels. Most residential work is Level 2, 208–240 V, typically 32–60 A nameplate. Level 1 is a 120 V convenience option and rarely a dedicated install.

Dedicated branch circuit. Article 625 requires EVSE on an individual branch circuit sized for continuous duty. Treat EVSE as a continuous load unless the listing and instructions say otherwise. That drives the overcurrent device and conductor ampacity choices.

Connection type. Cord-and-plug units often use NEMA 14-50 or 6-50 receptacles. Hardwired units reduce plug heating, simplify load management accessories, and keep the footprint clean in tight garages. Either way, follow 625.44 for connection methods and 625.54 for GFCI requirements when receptacles are used.

Load calculations. The 2023 code introduced 220.57 for EV demand factors in dwellings with one or more EVSE. This can keep service upgrades off your scope when clients add a second charger. Use it alongside your standard dwelling load calc, then verify feeder and service equipment ratings.

Working conditions. Think about cord reach, vehicle approach, wet location ratings, and Wi-Fi signal for app-based units. If the charger is outdoors, verify enclosure ratings and fittings. Plan penetrations and protection so 110.12 and 300.4 are met without drama.

Code & compliance (NEC 2023 references)

This section highlights what inspectors on Long Island will expect to see. Cite the actual code book in your permit notes. Do not quote code text in your submittals unless required by the AHJ.

• 625.1 Scope. Covers EV power transfer systems and EVSE. Confirms that EVSE is special equipment with dedicated rules.
• 625.40 Branch circuits. EVSE must be on an individual branch circuit. No other outlets on that circuit.
• 625.42 Rating and continuous load. Treat EVSE as a continuous load unless the listing says otherwise. This affects overcurrent and conductor sizing using 240.4 and 310.16.
• 625.44 Connection types. Hardwired, cord-and-plug, or vehicle inlet systems as permitted by listing and instructions. Pay attention to attachment fittings and strain relief.
• 625.50 Markings. Equipment must be listed and marked for the environment and use.
• 625.54 GFCI for receptacles. Where EVSE connects by receptacle, GFCI protection is required for personnel. Use listed GFCI devices or breakers compatible with the load and manufacturer instructions.
• 110.3(B) Instructions. Installer must follow the listing and labeling. If the label says torque the lugs to X, record it.
• 110.14(C) Terminations. Match conductor type and temperature ratings to terminal labels.
• 220.57 EV demand factors. Use this to legally reduce feeder and service loads for one or more EVSE in a dwelling. Keep your worksheet for inspection.
• 240.4, 240.6 Overcurrent sizing. Select the next standard breaker size where permitted, aligned with EVSE listing and conductor ampacity.
• 310.16 Conductor ampacity. Choose ampacity based on insulation, temperature column, and the terminal ratings on the equipment. Apply adjustment or correction only when conditions apply.
• 230.67 Surge protection. Many Long Island AHJs want service-level SPDs on dwelling upgrades. Consider proposing one even if not in scope.
• 300.5 Underground runs. If you feed a detached garage, use the correct wiring method and burial depth for the installation conditions.

Local adoption. New York State may adopt editions or amendments on a schedule. Always verify the edition your AHJ is enforcing at permit time. If the AHJ is on an earlier edition, use these references as a planning guide and follow the enforced edition on the permit.

Selection steps

Use this quick path to pick parts and document the job.

Step 1: Confirm the service and space

Open the panel and confirm available spaces, bus rating, and main rating. If the service is already tight, note that 220.57 can reduce calculated load for one or more EVSE in a dwelling. If a feeder or service upgrade is still needed, flag it early for the client and the AHJ.

Step 2: Choose the EVSE type and nameplate rating

Pick a listed, residential Level 2 unit with the right output for the client’s daily miles and utility rate plan. Common nameplates are 32 A, 40 A, 48 A, and 60 A. Match the unit’s listing and instructions. If the client wants future proofing, prefer hardwired models that can be set to a lower current today and raised later by dip switch or app.

Step 3: Select the overcurrent device and conductor ampacity

EVSE is treated as a continuous load under 625.42 unless the listing states otherwise. Select the breaker using 240.4 and 240.6, and size conductors from 310.16 to match the breaker and terminal ratings. Use copper conductors unless the listing allows aluminum and the terminals are marked for it. Where you need a new enclosure or more spaces, consider a subpanel with modern load centers and compatible breakers.

Step 4: Decide cord-and-plug vs hardwired

For receptacle-fed units, select the correct configuration and location. A NEMA 14-50 often lands behind the parking spot with the face down to reduce cord stress. Provide GFCI protection as required by 625.54 using either a GFCI breaker or a listed GFCI receptacle that is compatible with EVSE inrush behavior. For hardwired units, follow the mounting template, strain relief, and gasket instructions from the manufacturer.

Step 5: Plan accessories and labeling

Label the breaker and the disconnect if the unit requires one. Where the service is being touched, offer a listed surge protective device at the service equipment line side or within the service equipment. Keep spare lugs, fittings, and screws so the job does not stall. For mounting hardware or surface raceway, select products listed for the environment and temperature. Stock common accessories up front in the truck using Revco’s charging station accessories and keep a few compatible molded case circuit breakers on hand for panel brands you see daily.

Step 6: Document for the inspector

Before you leave the site, capture photos of the nameplate, the conductor size and terminations, the overcurrent device, and the receptacle or hardwire transition. Add your load calculation or a short note that 220.57 was applied. File the torque log if your AHJ asks for it. These simple records close most inspection questions in one shot.

Installation & wiring notes

• Mounting and clearances. Follow the template from the EVSE maker. Keep cords off door swing zones. Respect working space and access rules at the panel.
• Terminations. Match conductor insulation and temperature rating to what is marked on the EVSE and breaker lugs per 110.14(C). Torque to the label and record it.
• Wiring method. Indoors, EMT or NM-B where allowed. Outdoors, use listed enclosures and fittings. For surface runs, choose listed raceway and conduit connectors rated for the environment.
• Receptacle-fed installs. Place the device to minimize strain on the plug. Provide GFCI protection where a receptacle is used for EV charging per 625.54 and the enforced edition. Some units behave better with a GFCI breaker than a GFCI receptacle; follow the EVSE instructions.
• Hardwired installs. Use proper strain relief and drip loops where exposed to weather. Seal penetrations.
• Underground to detached garages. Select a wiring method and burial depth that match 300.5 and the site conditions. Mark the route on the as-built photo for inspection.

Testing, commissioning, documentation

• Verify labeling, breaker size, conductor size, and torque values against the EVSE nameplate.
• Function test: power up, start a session, check app pairing if applicable, and confirm current limit settings.
• GFCI verification where applicable: use the test button and a listed tester compatible with the circuit.
• Record photos of panel directory, terminations, equipment mounting, and any receptacle face. Attach the 220.57 worksheet to the permit folder.

Troubleshooting

• Nuisance tripping. Confirm the EVSE current limit matches the circuit rating. Check terminations and neutral isolation in subpanels. For receptacle-fed units, verify the GFCI device type matches the manufacturer’s guidance.
• Charge rate lower than expected. Look for dip switch or app limits, supply voltage at the unit, and shared load controllers.
• Connectivity issues. Many EVSE need 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi. Add an outdoor-rated access point if the garage is a dead zone.

Common mistakes

• Putting EVSE on a multioutlet circuit instead of an individual branch circuit.
• Ignoring continuous-load rules for sizing the breaker and conductors.
• Skipping GFCI when a receptacle supplies EV charging.
• Using boxes or fittings not rated for wet locations outdoors.
• Not documenting torque and settings for the inspector.

Parts to stock + Shop at Revco

• Level 2 EVSE and cords: electric vehicle charging stations
• Mounting kits, pedestals, cord management: charging station accessories
• Breakers and load centers for panel brand matches: load centers and molded case circuit breakers
• Conduit, fittings, and weatherproof boxes: conduit connectors
• Service-level surge protection when the service is touched: AC surge protective devices

When to call the AHJ or an engineer

• Service or feeder upgrades, meter pan changes, or any work at the service equipment.
• Multiple EVSE with managed loading or demand controls.
• Detached structures with questionable grounding or old feeders.
• Any site where local amendments change 625.54, 210.8, or permit requirements.

Safety disclaimer

This guide references 2023 NEC sections for planning. Nassau and Suffolk jurisdictions may enforce different editions or local amendments. Always follow the enforced code edition on your permit and the equipment listing and instructions. When in doubt, ask the AHJ.

FAQ

• Does EVSE always count as a continuous load? Yes unless the listing says otherwise. Size the circuit accordingly.
• Do I need GFCI for a 14-50 in a garage? Where a receptacle is used for EV charging, provide GFCI protection for personnel per the enforced edition and AHJ direction.
• Can 220.57 avoid a service upgrade? Often. Calculate the EVSE load per 220.57 and include that worksheet with your permit.
• Should I hardwire or use a receptacle? Hardwiring reduces plug heating and is cleaner outdoors. Cord-and-plug is fine when allowed by the listing and space.
• Is a surge protective device required? Many dwellings already require SPDs at the service under recent code cycles. Offer one when you touch service equipment.
• What documentation do inspectors want? Photos, torque notes, panel directory update, EVSE nameplate, and the load calc with 220.57.

About Revco Lighting & Electrical Supply

Since 1978, Revco Lighting & Electrical Supply has been helping professionals bring their projects to light—literally. As a go-to source for lighting and electrical products across Long Island, NY and nearby areas, we specialize in supporting contractors, builders, and industry experts with practical solutions and dependable service. Whether it’s a complex commercial build or a simple residential upgrade, we’re here to make sure you have what you need, when you need it.

Sources

1. EC&M — “NEC Requirements for EV Equipment” (Nov 9, 2023). Retrieved Oct 2025.
2. Leviton Captain Code — “EVSE Demand Factor Calculations (220.57)” (2023). Retrieved Oct 2025.
3. Oregon BCD — “Electrical Vehicle Supply Circuit GFCI Protection for Personnel (SAM 22-02)” (Aug 3, 2022). Retrieved Oct 2025.
4. Leviton — “NEC 230.67 Surge Protection Flyer Q-1285D” (PDF). Retrieved Oct 2025.

Need help fast? Call Revco at (631) 283-3600 for product availability and local know-how.